The Ruling of the Dome Built upon
the Grave
Of the
Messenger of Allaah - sallAllaahu
alayhi wa sallam
By the
Shaykh, Muhadith of the land of
Yemen
Muqbil bin Hadi al-Waadi'ee
Translated by
Abbas Abu Yahya
Chapter 11 - The prohibition of praying to graves, upon
them and in the graveyard
1 - On the authority of Abdullaah bin Umasr on the
authority of the Prophet - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - where he said: 'Pray some of your prayers in your houses,
and do not take them as graves.'
Narrated by Bukhaaree
(v.2 p.75) & Muslim (v.6 p.68)
2- On the authority of Abu Huraira -radiAllaah
anhu - that the Messenger of Allaah - sallAllaahu
alayhi wa sallam - said: 'Do
not make your houses into graveyards, verily Shaytaan runs away from the
house in which Soorah al-Baqarah is recited.'
Narrated by Muslim (v.6 p.568)
What is deduced from these two hadeeth, is that the
Prophet - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - ordered that some of the optional prayers should be
prayed in homes, and prayer is not kept away from homes, as it is kept away
from the graveyards.
3 - On the authority of Abu Murthid al-Ghanawee who said
that the Messenger of Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - said: 'Do not sit on graves and do not pray towards
them.'
Narrated by Muslim (v.7 p.38) Abu Dawood (v.3 p. 210), Tirmidhee
(v.2 p. 154) Nisaee (v.2 p.53)
4- On the authority of Abu Sa'eed al-Khudree -radiAllaah anhu - who said: that the Messenger of Allaah -
sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - said: 'The whole earth is a place in which to
pray except for graveyards and
bathing places.'
Narrated by Abu Dawood
(v.1 p.184), Tirmidhee (v.2 p.263) Ibn Majah (v.1 p.246) Ahmad (v.3
p.83) by way of Muhammad bin Ishaaq on the authority of 'Amr bin Yahya bin 'Imarrah on the authority
of his father on the authority of Abu Sa'eed.
Also by way of Hamad bin Salmah on the authority of 'Amr bin
Yahya on the authority of his father.
Also as narrated from ath-Thawaree in a Mursalan form.
Also (p.96) by way of AbdulWahid bin Ziyad on the authority of
the 'Amr bin Yahya in a Mosoolun form.
It was narrated by Ibn Hibban in his Saheeh, likewise in
'Muwaarid athaaman' (p.104) & Hakim (v.1 p.251) and he said it fulfilled
the conditions of Bukhaaree & Muslim and ad-Dhahabi agreed with him.
Shaykh ul-Islaam ibn Taymeeyah said in 'Iqtida as-Siraat
al-Mustaqeem': 'Narrated by Ahmad and Abu Dawood, Tirmidhee, Ibn Majah and
Bazzar and other than them, with good chains of narrations and whoever speaks
against this hadeeth has not gathered all its chains.'
5- On the authority of Abu Huraira -radiAllaah
anhu - who said: that the Messenger of Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - said: 'Do not make your houses into graves, do not make
my grave as a place of Eid (i.e. regularly visited), and send your
prayers upon me, since your prayers reach me from wherever you are.'
Narrated by Abu Dawood and Ahmad (v.8 p.155) from the 'Tarteeb
of al-Musnad'.
Shaykh ul-Islaam - may
Allaah have mercy on him - said in 'Iqtida as-Siraat ul Mustaqeem' (p.321):
'This chain is Hasan.' then he mentioned what was said regarding one of the
narrators, Abdullaah bin Nafa'
as-Saaigh, and he mentioned its supporting narrations.
6- On the authority of Abdullaah bin 'Amr -radiAllaah
anhu - that the Messenger of Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - 'Prohibited praying in a graveyard.'
Narrated by Ibn Hibban as is mentioned in 'muwaarid athaaman'
(p. 105).
7- On the authority of Anas -radiAllaah anhu - that the
Prophet - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam -'prohibited praying to graves.' and in another wording: 'He
prohibited praying between graves.'
Narrated by lbn Hibban as in 'Muwaarid' (p.105), and al
Haythamee said in 'Mua'jam al-zawaid' (v.2 p.27): narrated by Bazaar, and its
narrators are the narrators of the saheeh
8- On the authority of 'Amroo bin Dinaar who was asked
about praying between graves - who said, 'It was mentioned to me that the
Prophet - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - said: 'Banu Israeel took the graves of their
Prophets as places of prayer due to that
Allaah Ta'ala cursed them.'
Narrated by Abdur Razzaq (v.1 p.407) and it is a mursal hadeeth
(not attributed to the Prophet - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam.)
9- On the authority
of Abu Sa'eed the freed slave al-Mahree who said that the Messenger of
Allaah said: 'Do not take my house as a
place of Eid, nor your houses as graves and send your prayers upon me
wherever you are, verily your prayers
reach me.'
Hadeeth mursal narrated by Sa'eed bin Mansoor, as is mentioned
in 'Iqtida Siraat ul-Mustaqeem'
(p.322)
·
Therefore,
what is exempted from the prohibition of praying in a graveyard is the funeral
prayer, due to the ahadeeth which were mentioned about it:
1- On the authority of Ibn Abbas -radiAllaah anhu - that the
Messenger of Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - passed by a grave where someone was buried just that
night and he said; 'when was this person buried?'
They said; 'last night.'
He said: 'Why did you not inform me?'
They said: 'He was buried in the dark of the night, and
we disliked to wake you up.'
So the Messenger - sallAllaahu
alayhi wa sallam -- stood for
the funeral prayer and we stood in a row behind him.
Ibn Abbas said: 'and I was among them, and we prayed over
him.'
Narrated by Bukhaaree (v.3 p.433), Muslim (v.6 p.24 & p.25),
and Ahmad (v.7 p.226) with the tarteeb of Sa'aatee.
2- On the authority of Abu Huraira -radiAllaah
anhu - that a black
man or woman used to live in the masjid, and he died. The Prophet -
sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam -did not know about his death.
So that day the Messenger -
sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam -mentioned him and said: 'What happened to
that person?'
They said: 'He died O Messenger of
Allaah.'
He said: Why did you not inform me?
They said: Surely he was such and
such, such is his story, and they belittled his matter.
The Messenger -
sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - said: Show me where his grave is.' He came
to his grave and prayed over him.
Narrated by Bukhaaree (v.3 p.448)
and Muslim (v.6 p.25, 26), Ahmad (v.7 p.223, 224) from the tarteeb of Musnad
3- On the authority of Anas bin
Malik -radiAllaah anhu - a black man used to clean the masjid and he
died, he was buried during the night, and when the Prophet -
sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - came, he was informed about him.
He said: 'Go to his grave.'
So they went to his grave and he
said: 'Certainly these graves are full of darkness for the inhabitants, and
indeed Allaah Azza wa Jaal illuminates them by my prayer over them.'
When he came to the grave and prayed
over it, a man from the
Ansaar said: 'O Messenger of Allaah! Indeed my brother died and he was not
prayed over.'
He asked: 'Where is his grave?'
So he told him, and the Messenger of
Allaah went with the Ansaar.
Narrated by Ahmad (v.7 p.225),
Sa'atee mentions in his Takhreej: narrated by al-Bayhaaqi, ibn Mundah and Abu
Dawood at-Tayalisee and al-Haythamee mentioned with his wording and said: a
part of it is in as-Saheeh, it is narrated by Ahmad and its narrators are the
narrators of As-Saheeh.
4- Also on the authority of Anas
that the Messenger of Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - prayed
for the woman at her grave, who had been already buried.
Narrated by Ahmad (v.7) from tarteeb
of al-Musnad, as-Sa'atee mentions: narrated by al-Bazzar and al-Bayhaqi and
narrated by Muslim also by way of Shobah
with a chain of the hadeeth from that chapter; concise, with the wording that
the Prophet - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam -prayed at a grave.
What is apparent is that the grave
is of the woman who used to live in the masjid. This is
what is generally understood although another
meaning is possible. Allaah Subhana wa Ta'ala knows best.
5 - On the authority of Yazeed bin
Thaabit -radiAllaah anhu - who said: We went out with the Messenger of
Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - and when we
reached al-Baqee (the graveyard).
He came across a new grave. He questioned us about it, so it was said it
was such and such woman, and he knew her.
He said: 'Why didn't you inform me
about her.'
They said: 'O Messenger of Allaah
you were sleeping and fasting, we disliked to wake you up.'
He said: 'Don’t do that. There is
none amongst you who dies and I
am here amongst you, except that you should inform me about that person. Verily my prayer over him is mercy for him.
Yazeed said; then he came to the
grave and we made rows behind him, he prayed the funeral prayer over it with
four Takbirs.
Narrated by Ahmad (v.7 p.225) from
the Tarteeb of al-Musnad. Sa'atee
mentions: it was narrated by an-Nisa'ee, al-Bayhaqee and its Sanad is good.
Imaam a-Bayhaqee - may Allaah have mercy on him - said: (v.4 p.48):
We were informed by Abu Abdullaah al-Hafidh and Abu Sa'eed bin Abee 'Amr who
both said: Abul-Abbas Muhammad bin Yaqoob narrated to us that ar-Rabia'bin
Sulaiman narrated to us that Bashr bin Bakr narrated to us that al-Awaz'aee
narrated to me that Ibn Shihab informed me
on the authority of Abee Umamah bin
Sahl ibn Haneef al-Ansaari that some of the Companions of the Messenger of
Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - informed him that the Messenger of Allaah
used to visit the poor, sick Muslims and those who were weak. He would follow
their funerals, and no-one used to pray over them except the Messenger. There was a poor woman from the people of al-Awaali
(a place in Madinah)
whose sickness lasted a long time. The
Messenger of Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam -used to
ask her neighbours about her, from those who used to visit her. He would order them that they should not bury
her if anything happened to her, so that he could pray over her.
The woman died that night. So, they
carried her and brought her with the funeral bier - or he mentioned the place
of the funeral prayer - in the masjid of the Messenger of Allaah -
sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam -so that the Messenger of Allaah could pray
over her as he had ordered
them. However, they found that he had
gone to sleep after the Isha prayer, and they disliked waking him from
his sleep. They prayed over her, took her and buried her.
In the morning the Messenger of
Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam -asked about her
from her neighbours who came to visit him.
They informed him about her and that they disliked to wake the Messenger
of Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - for her.
The Messenger of Allaah -
sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam -- said to them: 'Why didn't you do it?
Let's go.'
So, they went with the Messenger of
Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - until they reached
her grave. They arranged themselves in
rows behind the Messenger of Allaah - sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - as they
would arrange themselves in rows for the funeral prayer. The Messenger of Allaah -
sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam - prayed over her, and said four takbeers
just like he would say the takbeer for the funeral prayer.
This hadeeth is authentic.
Now, our noble Shaykh AbdulGhaffar
al-Hindi - may Allaah preserve him -
mentioned during the debate, that he required me to discuss the saying of
Allaah Azza Wa Jal: << Then those who
won their point said: "We verily shall build a place of worship over
them." >>
Since it is from the greatest doubts
of the Qubooreeyeen (grave worshippers).
I responded to his request - may
Allaah preserve him - after the debate had ended, and I wrote
the following:
The Qubooreeyeen have a
doubt, and it is regarding the saying of Allaah Ta'ala << then those who won their point said: "We verily shall
build a place of worship over them." >>
They say: building masajid on
graves was permitted in the Sharia' for those before us, and it is also
permissible for us now, as long as there is no abrogation.
The reply to this doubt is from the
following angles:
Firstly: this action was the action of the people of
the companions of the cave. The
companions of the cave said, describing this nation: <<These, our people, have taken for worship gods other than
Him (Allaah) >>
Therefore whoever claims that the
people of the companions of the cave accepted Islaam after the people of the
cave isolated themselves, then he has certainly relied upon the stories of Banu
Israeel.
From the evidences showing that
their people remained upon their disbelief is the saying of Allaah Ta'ala:
<< And thus We made their case known to the people, that they might
know that the Promise of Allaah is true, and that there can be no doubt about
the Hour >>
He who does not know that the
promise of Allaah is true and that there is no doubting the final Hour, then he
is not a Muslim.
Secondly if we accept, for the sake
of argument, that they were Muslims, then where do we find in their Sharia'
that building masajid on graves was permissible for them?
Is it not possible that they arrived
at an understanding and were mistaken?
Thirdly if we accept for the sake of
argument that it has been permitted in the Sharia' for those before us,
then now it has been abrogated with our Sharia'.
The Ahadeeth are Mutaawatir
(recurring chains) from the Messenger of Allaah - sallAllaahu
alayhi wa sallam -which prohibit the taking of the graves as places of
worship. The curse of the Prophet -
sallAllaahu alayhi wa sallam -is upon the one who does this, as is
mentioned in Bukharee and Muslim from the hadeeth of 'Aeysha -radiAllaah
anha.
All Praise belongs to Allaah, may His peace and blessings be
upon our final Prophet Muhammad, his family, his companions and all those who
follow his guidance.
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